Ikhono Lomshini Lokukhulu

Amalensi okukhanya anosayizi omkhulu (ngokuvamile abhekisela ezintweni ezibonakalayo ezinobubanzi obusuka kumashumi amasentimitha ukuya kumamitha ambalwa) adlala indima ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje bokubona, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi njengokuhlola izinkanyezi, i-laser physics, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Okulandelayo kuchaza kabanzi ngezimo zohlelo lokusebenza, umsebenzi, nezimo ezijwayelekile:

1,Amandla Okuqoqa Ukukhanya Okuthuthukisiwe

Isimiso: Usayizi welensi omkhulu uhambisana nendawo yokukhanya enkulu (indawo esebenzayo), okuvumela ukuqoqwa kwamandla okukhanya engeziwe.

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza:

Ukubuka Kwezinkanyezi: Isibonelo, amalensi e-beryllium angu-18 anosayizi omkhulu we-James Webb Telescope athwebula ukukhanya kwenkanyezi okufiphele ukusuka kuminyaka eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-13 ngokunweba indawo yokuqoqa ukukhanya.

2, Ukulungiswa Okuthuthukisiwe Kwe-Optical kanye Nokunemba Kwezithombe

Isimiso: Ngokombandela we-Rayleigh, indawo yokuvula ilensi enkulu, iphakamisa ukucaca okulinganiselwe kwe-diffraction (ifomula: θ≈1.22λ/D, lapho u-D engububanzi belensi).

Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza:

Amasathelayithi Okuzwa Kukude: Amalensi enhloso anosayizi omkhulu (isb, ilensi yamamitha angu-2.4 wesathelayithi yase-US Keyhole) angaxazulula okuqondiwe phansi esikalini samamitha angu-0.1.

3, Ukuguquguquka Kwesigaba Sokukhanya, I-Amplitude, kanye ne-Polarization

Ukuqaphela Kobuchwepheshe: Izici zokukhanya ze-Wavefront ziguqulwa ngedizayini yomumo ongaphezulu (isb, i-parabolic, indawo engathi i-aspheric) noma izinqubo zokumboza kulensi.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile:

I-Gravitational Wave Detectors (LIGO): Amalensi esilica ahlanganisiwe anosayizi omkhulu agcina ukuzinza kwesigaba sokuphazanyiswa kwe-laser ngokusebenzisa izimo ezingaphezulu ezinemba okuphezulu (amaphutha <1 nanometer).

I-Polarization Optical Systems: Ama-polarizer anosayizi omkhulu noma amapuleti amagagasi asetshenziswa kumishini yokucubungula i-laser ukulawula isimo se-polarization yama-lasers kanye nokwandisa imiphumela yokucubungula impahla.