Ama-Optical Lens-Convex kanye nama-Concave Lens
Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
Ilensi yokubona ezacile - Ilensi lapho ukujiya kwengxenye emaphakathi inkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nerediya yokugoba kwezinhlangothi zayo ezimbili. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ikhamera yayifakwe i-lens convex kuphela, ngakho yayibizwa ngokuthi "i-lens eyodwa". Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amalensi esimanje anamalensi amaningana e-convex kanye ne-concave anezinhlobo ezahlukene nemisebenzi ukuze akhe i-lens eguqukayo, ebizwa ngokuthi "i-lens eyinhlanganisela". Ilensi ye-concave kulensi eyinhlanganisela idlala indima yokulungisa ukuphambuka okuhlukahlukene.
Izici
Ingilazi ye-Optical inokucaca okuphezulu, ukuhlanzeka, ukungabi nambala, ukuthungwa okufanayo, namandla amahle okuvuselela, ngakho-ke iyimpahla eyinhloko yokukhiqiza amalensi. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile kanye nenkomba ye-refractive, ingilazi ebonakalayo ine:
● Ingilazi ye-Flint - i-lead oxide yengezwa ekwakhekeni kwengilazi ukuze kwandiswe inkomba ye-refractive .
● Umqhele wengilazi eyenziwe ngokwengeza i-sodium oxide ne-calcium oxide ekwakhiweni kwengilazi ukuze kwehliswe inkomba yayo yokuqamuka.
● Ingilazi yomqhele weLanthanum - izinhlobonhlobo ezitholiwe, inezici ezinhle kakhulu zenkomba ye-refractive ephezulu kanye nezinga eliphansi lokuhlakazeka, elihlinzeka ngezimo zokwakhiwa kwamalensi asezingeni eliphezulu.
Izimiso
Ingilazi noma ingxenye yepulasitiki esetshenziswa ku-luminaire ukushintsha isiqondiso sokukhanya noma ukulawula ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya.
Amalensi ayizingxenye eziyisisekelo zokubona ezakha isistimu yokubona yesibonakhulu. Izingxenye ezinjengamalensi enhloso, ama-eyepiece, nama-condenser akhiwe ngamalensi awodwa noma amaningi. Ngokwezimo zabo, zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili: ama-lens convex (ama-lens amahle) nama-lens concave (ama-lens angalungile).
Lapho ukukhanya okuhambisana ne-axis optical eyinhloko kudlula ilensi eyi-convex futhi inqamula endaweni ethile, leli phuzu libizwa ngokuthi "i-focus", futhi indiza edlula lapho kugxilwe khona futhi i-perpendicular ku-eksisi yokubona ibizwa ngokuthi "indiza egxile. ". Kunamaphuzu amabili okugxilwe kuwo, indawo okugxilwe kuyo esikhaleni sento ibizwa ngokuthi "indawo okugxilwe kuyo", futhi indiza egxile lapho ibizwa ngokuthi "indiza egxile entweni"; ngokuphambene, indawo okugxilwe kuyo esikhaleni sesithombe ibizwa ngokuthi "iphoyinti lokugxila kwesithombe". Indiza egxile kuyo ibizwa ngokuthi "indiza yesithombe esiyisikwele".
