I-Prism-Isetshenziselwa Ukuhlukanisa Noma Ukuhlakaza Imishayo Yokukhanya.

Iprism iyi-polyhedron eyenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo (njengengilazi, ikristalu, njll.).Isetshenziswa kabanzi kumathuluzi optical.Ama-Prism angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokuya ngezakhiwo zawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo.Isibonelo, kumathuluzi e-spectroscopic, "i-dispersion prism" ebolisa ukukhanya okuyinhlanganisela ibe yi-spectra isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-equilateral prism;kumathuluzi afana nama-periscopes nama-binocular telescopes, ukushintsha isiqondiso sokukhanya ukulungisa indawo yakho yokuthwebula kubizwa ngokuthi "i-prism egcwele"."Amaprism abonisayo" ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-prism engeli yesokudla.

Uhlangothi lweprism: indiza okungena kuyo futhi kuphume ukukhanya kubizwa ngokuthi uhlangothi.

Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-prism: indiza ebheke eceleni ibizwa ngokuthi ingxenye eyinhloko.Ngokwesimo sesigaba esiyinhloko, ingahlukaniswa ngamaprism angunxantathu, amaprism e-right-angle, nama-pentagonal prism.Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-prism ingunxantathu.I-prism inezindawo ezimbili eziphikisayo, i-engeli ephakathi kwazo ibizwa ngokuthi i-apex, futhi indiza ebhekene ne-apex iphansi.

Ngokomthetho we-refraction, umsebe udlula ku-prism futhi uphambukiswe kabili ubheke phansi.I-engeli q phakathi kwereyi ephumayo kanye nomsebe wesigameko ibizwa ngokuthi i-deflection angle.Ubukhulu bayo bunqunywa inkomba ye-refractive n ye-prism medium kanye ne-engeli yesigameko i.Uma i-i ilungisiwe, amaza ahlukene okukhanya anama-engeli ahlukene okuchezuka.Ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, i-engeli yokuchezuka inkulu kakhulu ekukhanyeni oku-violet, futhi encane kakhulu eyokukhanya okubomvu.